Polishing machine



Sept. 14 1926.

J. E. DREW POLISHING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. E. DREW POLISHING MACHINE Filed Feb. 23, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR c ,9 I

ATTORNEY Sept. 14,1926.

Inn/av l grinding operation.

25 tory grinding operation.

Patented Sept. 14, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN E. DREW, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WADE 8c BUTCHER COR- PORATION, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

POLISHING MACHINE.

Application filed February 23, 1923- Serial No. 620,743.

blades by automatic or' semiautomatic ma chinery but to manually polish them after the grinding operation; or to polish them by machinery acting in the same manner as that used "in the preparatory In both cases, however, it has been found impracticable from an economic standpoint to eradicate during the polishing operation the marks made on the metal by the grinding operation, and in the knives of commerce the grinding marks were plainly visible beneath the polished surface. It is desirable that this defect be overcome and at low cost in order that knives of better appearance may be economically made, and the main object of the present invention is the production of a polishing machine operating to eradicate during the polishing operation the marks ground into the work during the prepara- A further object of the invention is the production of a machine which, by means of a simplechange of abrasive devices, may be used as a grinding machine producing a surface compara "0 tively free from objectionable marks, and

operating to shorten the following polishing operation-When such polishing operation is desired. Vith these'and other objects not specifically mentioned in view, the invention consists in certain constructions and combinations which will be hereinafter fully described and then specifically set forth in the claims hereunto appended.

In the accompanying drawings, which 0 form a part of this specification and in which like characters indicate the same or like parts, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine constructed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2 is a plan section taken on 5 the line.22 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross sectional elevation taken on the stepped line 33 in Fig. 1 Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional detailed View of the spindle shown in Fig. 3 and its mount; Fig. 5 is a cross sectional 0 view takenon the line 5-5 in Fig. 4;

6, 7 and 8 are diagrammatic views showing three different adjustments of the spindle and its mount; and Fig. 9 1s a plan view,

partly broken away, of the carriage supportin g the work-holding device.

In carrying the invention into effect there is provided a work-holding device, an abrasive device, and menas for producing a relative orbital operating movement of said devices whereby the Work is orbitally or circularly ground and the intial straight grinding marks are thereby eradicated. In some constructions within the invention, the operating movement is the resultant of traversing and orbital movements, a relative traversing movement of the work-holding device and abrasive device and a relative orbital movement of the same devices, being prothe same as before described and the object of the feeding movement being to p-rogressively shift the zone of abrasion along the knife blade or other Work. In the best constructions, however, the operating movement is the resultant of traversing, orbital and feeding movements, all produced concurrently. In constructions Within .the invention Where the operating movement is or includes an orbital movement, means are provided for varying said orbital movement; that is, for varying the amplitude of the movement in accordance with the nature ofthework operated on. And in constructions Where the operating movement includes a feeding movement, means are provided for varying said feeding movement; that is, for varying the amplitude ofthe feeding movement in accordance with the nature of the Work operated on. In the best constructions, mearis are provided for producing a relative adjustment of the work-holding device and the abrasive device in accordance with centrifugal expansion of the latter which, when the the pressure-between the abrasive device and the work in the work-holding device which is necessary to effect the polishing abrasion.

concrete embodiments of the same.

All of the above mentioned devices and means may be widely varied in construction within the scope of the claims, for the particular device selected to illustrate the invention is but one of many possible The invention, therefore, is not to be restricted to the precise details of the structure shown and described. Furthermore, certain parts of the invention are capable of use independent of other parts and such independent use is contemplated.

Referring to the drawings, 10 indicates the pedestal of a machine constructed in accordance with the invention. This pedestal carries at its top two bearings 11 and 12 in which is journaled a shaft 13 driven by means of a pulley l4 and belt 15, the belt 15 deriving its motion from an overhead line shaft, not shown. The shaft 13 projects beyond the bearing 12 and carries at its end an abrasive device or polishing wheel 16 formed of fabric and impregnated with abrasive compound in the usual manner. It may be here remarked that when the machine is to be used for grinding purposes rather than .for polishing purposes, the polishing wheel 16 is removed from the shaft 13 and a grinding wheel substituted therefor, no other change in the machine being necessary.

There is further provided a work-holding device. which, in the device selected to illustrate the invention, consists of a magnetic chuck 17 of well known construction and mounted on a movable table 18. This table is supported at its four corners on balls 19 engaging the under surface of the table and resting on fiat ball races 20, each screwed to the upper surface of a carriage 21. The carriage is provided with gibs 22 engaging ledges 23 projecting laterally from opposite upper edges of'a knee 24, the latter being dove-tailed to the pedestal 10 at 25-25 and vertically movable on the pedestal. The carriage 21 is supported on two series of rollers 26 interposed between its under surface and the upper surface of the knee 24 on opposite sides of the latter.

The table 18 is provided with depending bearings 27, one at each of its ends, and in these bearings is loosely mounted a parallel rod 28 pivoted at each of two places to a rocking arm 29, the latter being fulcrumed ona post 30 rising from the carriage 21. The purpose of the parallel rod 28 is to prevent the table 18 from turning as it is moved about on the balls 19. The object of moving the table about on the balls 19 is to produce an orbital movement of the work-holding means which, as shown, includes the table 18 and the magnetic chuck 17.

For the purpose of producing an orbital movement of the work-holding device, there is provided a sleeve 31 journaled in a bearing 32 bolted to the under side of the carriage 21. The upper end of this sleeve ter-' minates in a head 33 resting on a ball thrust bearing 34 of well known construction and serving a well known purpose. Upon the lower end of this sleeve is secured a pulley 35 driven by a belt 36. The belt 36 derives its motion from a long pulley 37 fast on and driven by a shaft 38, the latter being journaled in brackets 39 and 40 bolted to the knee 24. The shaft 38 projects beyond the bracket 40, and on'its projecting end is secured a pulley 41 driven by a belt 42 which derives its.motion from a pulley '43 fast on a worm shaft 44, the latter being journaled in a bracket 45 bolted'to the side of the pedestal 10 before referred to and driven by means oi.

a pulley 46 and belt 47, the latter deriving its motion from an overhead line shaft, not shown. By the means just described, the sleeve 31 is continuously rotated. Eccentrically mounted in the sleeve 31 is a spindle 48 having at its upper end a crank 49. The lower end of the sleeve 31 is provided with clutch teeth 50, and surrounding the spindle 48 and keyed thereto at 51 is a clutch collar 52 having corresponding clutch teeth. This clutch collar 52 is held in place by means of a pair of lock nuts 53-454 threaded on the lower end of the spindle 48. By means of the structure just described, the eccentricity of the spindle 48 in the sleeve 31, and

the eccentricity of the crank 49 with respect to the axis of the spindle 48 may be varied in order to vary the throw of the crank 49 and the machine element it moves. Thus, when the parts are in the position indicated in Fig. 6, the throw of the crank 49 will he the smallest; and when they are in the position indicated in Fig- 7, the throw of the crank will be the greatest; while at any other adjustment of the parts, such for instance as that indicated in Fig. 8, the throw of the crank will lie between its smallest and its greatest throw. The crank 49 engages an aperture in a boss 55 formed on the under side of the table 18 before referred-to; and v as the sleeve 31 and spindle 41 rotate, the table 18 and the chuck 17 are given an orbital movement and carry a knife blade KB around with them under the abrasive device or wheel 16 which operates in a fixed position. Thus, a relative orbital movement of the work-holding device and the abrasive device is produced, and as the effective zone of the abrasive wheel sweeps across the upper surface of the blade KB, a relative traversing movement is also produced and the abrasive effect instead of being in straight vice and the abrasive device so that the surface ofthe blade will be progressively abraded and polished from end to end of the knife blade, and back again if desired, the shaft 44 carries a worm 56 driving a worm gear 57 fast on a short shaft 58. This short shaft is journaled in a bracket 59 bolted to the side of the pedestal 10 before referred to. The shaft projects beyond the bearing and upon its projecting end is mounted an adjustable crank 60 of well known construction and operating a connecting rod 61 pivoted at 62 to a bracket 63 bolted to the carriage 21 before referred to. of the structure just described, the carriage is given a slow feeding movement from one end of the knife blade KB to the other, and'back again if desired, the relative traversing and orbital movement of the workholding device and the abrasive device uninterruptedly continuing during the operation of the feeding device just described. hen a fabric polishing wheel is rotated at high speed, it expands diametrically; and if the work-holding device were adjusted to cause the knife blade KB to just touch the abrasive Wheel 16 when themachine is at rest, the pressure on the blade would be too great when the machine is in operation, and the abrasive wheel would be not only flattened but radially depressed at point of contact with the knife blade, and as a result an undesirable abrasion at the edges of the blade would round said edges. Therefore, for the purpose of properly adjusting the knife blade and the abrasive wheel, means are provided for moving the workholding device toward and away from the abrasive wheel, and this means includes a screw 64: threaded in a boss 65 rising from the base of the pedestal 10 before referred to. The upper end of the screw 64 is journaled in a bar 66 connecting the two sides of the knee 24 before referred to. Fast upon the upper end of the screw 64 is a beveled gear 67 in niieshwith a beveled pinion G8, the latter being\fast on a shaft (59 journaled in a bracket 70 bolted to the side of the knee 24. The outer end of the shaft-G9 is provided with a hand wheel 71 by means of which it is turned and through the agency of the gearing and screw just described, the work-holding device is moved up or down, or toward or away from, the abrasive device or wheel 16.

In view of the foregoing, a detailed description of the operation of the device is deemed unnecessary and is therefore omitted in the interest of brevity.

lVhat is claimed is:

1. A machine for polishing amentirely plane surface, comprising a polishing wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, a work-support resenting the surface to be polished to said periphery and mechanism By means for producing a relative movement of said support and wheel which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement in planes parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work-contacting position and which carries the entire surface to be polished past the radius of said wheel which is perpendicular to the said planes, the work upport being adapted to present the surface to be polished parallel to the said planes, and the arrangement being such that there is at all times an appreciable unobstructed space adjacent the surface to be ground on the side of the wheel toward which its polishing surface rotates.

2. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, a non-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a true plane,"and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of the same, in planes parellel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane.

3. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, a non-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a true plane, and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said wheel and-said support, which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of the same, in planes parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, said work support including a table movable on a plurality of balls.

' 4. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a whee-l having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, a non-rotary work sup port acting to present the surface to be polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a true plane, and mechanism for pro ducing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of the same, in planes parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true )lane, said work support including a movable table and a parallel bar in engagement with said table to prevent it from turning during its movement.

5. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, a non-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be ducing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which is the resultantof a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of the same, in plants parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, said work support including a reciprocating carriage, two series of rollers on which said carriage moves, .a table surmounting said carriage, a plurality of balls interposed between said carriage and said.

table, and a magnetic chuck sur nounting said table.

6. polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for r0- tating said wheel, a non-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a true plane, and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of the same in planes parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, said mechanism including a spindle having an eccentric end acting to produce said relative orbital movement, and means for rotating said spindle.

7. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing su'rface,means for rotat ing said wheel, a non-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a true plane, and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of" the same, in planes parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, said mechanism including a spindle having an eccentric end acting to ,produce said relative orbital movement, and means for rotating said spindle including a sleeve in which said spindle is eccentrically journaled. I

8. A'polishing machine for polishing a trueplane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, a non-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a true plane, and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which isthe resultant of,

a relative orbital movement .and a relative traversing movement of the same, in planes parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, salcl mechanism lncluding a spindle having an eccentric and acting to produce and relative erhltal movement, and meant for rotating said spindle including a sleeve in which said spindle is eccentrically journaled, and means forlocking said spindle in said sleeve in adjusted relation therewith.

9. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, an on-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a true plane, and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which.is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of the same, in planes. parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, said mechanism including a device acting to produce said relative traversing movement at a speed different from that of said relative orbital movement.

10. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, a non-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be. polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a true plane, and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing ofthe same, in planes parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, said mechanism including .a worm driven device acting to produce-said relative traversing movement.

11. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, a nonerotary work sup-- port acting to present the surface to be ces polished to the perimeter of said wheel in 1 such a true plane, and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said wheel and said support, which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of the same, in planes parallel with the tangentplane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, said mechanism including a worm, a worm wheel driven by said worm, an adjustable crank operated by said worm Wheel, and a rod connecting said crank with said support.

12. A polishing machine for polishing a true plane comprising a wheel having a peripheral polishing surface, means for rotating said wheel, a non-rotary work support acting to present the surface to be polished to the perimeter of said wheel in such a'true plane, and mechanism for producing a relative movement of said Wheel and said support, which is the resultant of a relative orbital movement and a relative traversing movement of the same, in planes parallel with the tangent plane of said wheel at work contacting position and to said true plane, said mechanism including devices acting simultaneously to produce said relative orbital movement at high speed 1 and said relativmtraversing movement at low speed.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

JOHN E. DREW. 

